{"id":1688,"date":"2024-06-30T22:41:26","date_gmt":"2024-06-30T19:41:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/?p=1688"},"modified":"2024-07-03T16:38:56","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T13:38:56","slug":"yasam-dongu-analizi-metodolojisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/yasam-dongu-analizi-metodolojisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi Metodolojisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/edward-howell-VlTJdP8ZY1c-unsplash.v1-2048x1366.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi Metodolojisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nilg\u00fcn Aytekin \/\/ 30.06.2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi (YDA) metodolojisi, \u00e7evresel etkileri nicelendirme ve de\u011ferlendirme konusunda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan birka\u00e7 temel a\u015famay\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hedef ve Kapsam Belirleme:<\/strong> Bir YDA yapmak i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131m, de\u011ferlendirmenin hedefini ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemektir. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeyi, analiz edilen sistemin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in i\u015flevsel birimi belirlemeyi i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonun \u00e7evresel etkisini de\u011ferlendirirken, hedef, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonun hammaddelerinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan imhas\u0131na kadar olan tam ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca \u00e7evresel performans\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek olabilir. Kapsam, \u00fcretim, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m, kullan\u0131m ve ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc senaryolar\u0131 gibi t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131 i\u00e7erecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Envanter Analizi (LCI): <\/strong>Bu a\u015famada, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya hizmetle ili\u015fkilendirilen t\u00fcm girdi ve \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131larla ilgili veriler toplan\u0131r. Bu, hammaddeler, enerji t\u00fcketimi, hava, su ve topra\u011fa emisyonlar, ayr\u0131ca at\u0131k olu\u015fturma gibi konular\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir binan\u0131n \u00e7evresel etkisini de\u011ferlendirirken, LCI, kullan\u0131lan malzemeler, in\u015faat ve i\u015fletme s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki enerji t\u00fcketimi ve y\u0131k\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan at\u0131klarla ilgili verileri i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Etki De\u011ferlendirmesi (LCIA):<\/strong> Toplanan envanter verileri, \u00e7e\u015fitli etki kategorilerinde olas\u0131 \u00e7evresel etkileri de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kategoriler, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma potansiyeli, asitlenme, \u00f6trofikasyon, ozon t\u00fckenmesi, insan toksisitesi ve kaynak t\u00fckenmesini gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klardan olu\u015fur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn etki de\u011ferlendirmesi, su kirlili\u011fine, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131na ve yenilenemez kaynaklar\u0131n t\u00fckenmesine katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduracakt\u0131r. LCIA s\u00fcreci birka\u00e7 \u00f6nemli ad\u0131ma ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><em>S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma:<\/em> Envanter verilerini \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7evresel etki kategorilerine (\u00f6rne\u011fin, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, asitlenme, \u00f6trofikasyon) atama.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Karakterizasyon:<\/em> Her kategorideki etkileri karakterizasyon fakt\u00f6rleri kullanarak (\u00f6rne\u011fin, CO2 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma potansiyeline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme) nicelendirme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Normalle\u015ftirme ve A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kland\u0131rma (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131):<\/em> Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ortak bir \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fe normalle\u015ftirme ve farkl\u0131 etki kategorilerinin g\u00f6reli \u00f6nemini yans\u0131tmak i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kland\u0131rma fakt\u00f6rleri uygulama. Son iki iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n belirli hedeflerine g\u00f6re uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yorum:<\/strong> Son a\u015fama, etki de\u011ferlendirmesi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yorumlayarak sonu\u00e7lara varmay\u0131 ve \u00f6nerilerde bulunmay\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu a\u015fama, \u00f6nemli \u00e7evresel sorunlar\u0131 belirleme, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme ve potansiyel iyile\u015ftirme stratejileri \u00f6nerme ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir ambalaj malzemesinin YDA&#8217;s\u0131, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmaya katk\u0131da bulunan y\u00fcksek emisyonlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yorsa, \u00f6neriler alternatif malzemeleri ke\u015ffetmeyi veya \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini iyile\u015ftirmeyi i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi Terminolojisi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sistem S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131:<\/strong> Analizin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen ve hangi a\u015famalar\u0131n dahil edilece\u011fini belirleyen parametreler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fonksiyonel Birim: <\/strong>Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan standart \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm birimi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir arac\u0131n fonksiyonel birimi, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesafe olabilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 100.000 km).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Referans Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> Fonksiyonel birim gereksinimini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in gerekli olan bir \u00fcr\u00fcn miktar\u0131, bu miktar k\u00fctlenin, enerjinin, alan\u0131n, hacmin veya herhangi ba\u015fka bir fiziksel birimin ifadesi \u015feklinde olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7evresel Etkiler:<\/strong> Bir \u00fcr\u00fcn veya hizmetin ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca \u00e7evre \u00fczerindeki etkiler, genellikle enerji t\u00fcketimi, emisyonlar, at\u0131k olu\u015fturma ve do\u011fal kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7evresel \u00dcr\u00fcn Beyanlar\u0131 (EPD):<\/strong> Bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evresel parametrelerle ili\u015fkili olarak ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca performans\u0131n\u0131n bildirilmesidir. &nbsp;ISO 14025 standard\u0131ndaki kriterlere g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi (YDA), her sekt\u00f6rde giderek artan reg\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 ve \u00fcreticiler nezdinde geni\u015fleyen \u00e7evresel sorumluluklar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurdu\u011fumuzda \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin \u00e7evresel etkilerini anlamak ve azaltmak i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Kapsaml\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f metodolojisi ile \u00e7evresel s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynaklar:<br>International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 series: ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:2006.<br>Baumann, H., &amp; Tillman, A.-M. (2004). The Hitch Hiker&#8217;s Guide to LCA: An Orientation in Life Cycle Assessment Methodology and Applications. Studentlitteratur AB.<br>Demirel, Y.E., \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, E., Kiti\u015f, M. (2017). Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc Analizi ve End\u00fcstriyel Uygulama \u00d6rnekleri.<br><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi Metodolojisi Nilg\u00fcn Aytekin \/\/ 30.06.2024 Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fc Analizi (YDA) metodolojisi, \u00e7evresel etkileri nicelendirme ve de\u011ferlendirme konusunda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan birka\u00e7 temel a\u015famay\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Hedef ve Kapsam Belirleme: Bir YDA yapmak i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131m, de\u011ferlendirmenin hedefini ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemektir. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeyi, analiz edilen sistemin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in i\u015flevsel birimi belirlemeyi i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1688"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1688"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1688\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1742,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1688\/revisions\/1742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-scc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}